All of us are are subject to inattention during prayer because Shaytan tries to distract us from Prayer. As a result , this may cause one's prayer to be over performed or incomplete. Therefore , to catch up or make up the missed parts or the added parts during Salah , Allah ordained us to prostrate at the end of salah in order to please Him and defeat Allah. This prostration is called by the scholars " Prostration of forgetfulness " or " Sajdah Sahw". As an example , our beloved Prophet Muhammad ( peace be upon him) , sometimes forgot while praying. He once ended a four rakah prayer with taslim after performing only two rak'ah ( instead of four) and then offered the prostration of forgetfulness as compensation. Another time , he forgot to sit for the first tashahhud in the second rak'ah and prostrated for forgetfulness afterwards. Others situations in which he forgot in salah were illustrated. The Prophet ( peace and blessing be upon him) said : " When any of you forget (i.e errs inattentively in prayer ) , he should perform two prosternations". Three cases in which Sajdah Sahw must be performed - When one inattentively perform something additional in prayer ( addition) - When one misses something ( omittion) - When one is uncertain whether he has performed something additonal or missed some integral part of prayer ( Doubt) [ We use " inattentively " because if one willingly miss an act in prayer , his prayer is deemed invalid] It is to be noted that Sajdah sahw can be performed in both Obligatory and Surerogatory ( nafl) prayers. In the first case , in case of addition that obligates the sajdah sahw , is when a Muslim add acts or words in prayer , acts such as standing instead of sitting ( vice versa) , performing extra bowing or prostration. It is the same as if one absentmindly perform extra rak'ah and does not remember until he finishes , he has to perform sajdah sahw as well. If one remember while performing that extra rak'ah , he has to sit immediately , recite tashahhdud ( if not recite already ) , perform sajdah sahw and then end the prayer with taslim. If an imam inattentively adds an act , men praying behind him must draw his attention by saying " SubhanAllah" but women can only clap their hands. Then it becomes obligatory for the imam to respond to them until he is sure to be right. The same rule goes if the imam omits an act in prayer. There isn't only physical acts but also verbal addition in prayer such as reciting verses of the Qu'ran while one is bowing or prostrating or if one recite a surah after al Fatihah for the 3rd and 4th Rak'ah of Isha , Dhuhr or Asr prayers and the last rak'at of Maghrib , it is also desirable for one , in such cases , to perform sajdah sahw. Second case , is when a Muslim inattentionely misses any of the acts of prayer. Therefore if one misses the opening takbir , the prostration of forgetfulness do not make up for it because the prayer without opening takbir is automatically null. If it is other than the opening takbir , such as bowing or so and one remember BEFORE starting another rak'ah , one must go back to it and perform it as much as he can first , then perform the next rak'ah. Yet , if one remembers such a missed integral part AFTER starting another rak'ah , this missed act nullifies the rak'ah in which it was omitted so the whole rak'ah must be re performed before ending the prayer and one must add prostration of forgetfulness and end it with taslim , provided the remembrance is soon enough. If one remembers the missed integral part after long interval after taslim and his wudhu is invalidated , one must perform the whole prayer. If the missed act is final tashahhud or taslim , it is not regarded as missed full rak'ah so one must only perform it , offer , and end with taslim. If one misses the first tashahhud and remembers it BEFORE completely standing upright for the following rak'ah , one can go back to perform it , but it is detestable for one to sit to perform it if the person is totally standing upright , yet it doesn't nullifies his prayer if he sits. If that person started recitation , it becomes then prohibited to sit and perform the missed tashahuud because the integral part of prayer ( recitation ) musn't be interrupted. Same rules goes for bowing and prostrating. If one forgot to glorify Allah during bowing , he can go back to it if he hasn't stood upright for the following rak'ah. After that , one is to perform sajdah sahw BEFORE taslim and end prayer with taslim. The last and third case , which is doubt in prayer , if one is uncertain about whether he has performed 2 , 3 or more rak'ah one has to proceed taking the smaller number for granted and base one prayer on that assumption. Then , one complete one's prayer and perform the two sajdah sahw BEFORE taslim. RassulAllah ( peace be upon him) said : " When any of you is in doubt whether he has performed one or two rak'ah , he should regard it as only one. Also , when one is in doubt whether he has performed two or three , he sould regard them as two" In a congregational prayer , if a Muslim is uncertain about he has joined the prayer from the first rak'ah or the second , he is to consider it from the second rak'ah and perform the two sajdah sahw and the end of his prayer. When one join congregational prayer late and is uncertain if he has caught a full rak'ah or not , one is to disregard the rak'ah ( must be re performed) and then one performs sajdah sahw and the end of his prayer. I hope after reading this article , we will be more attentive and pay more attention on what we do and say in our salah ! To sum up : Prostration of forgetfulness , Sajdah sahw To be done BEFORE taslim AFTER taslim - If he/she omitted something - If he thinks he omitted something AFTER taslim - When someone added something in prayer like an extra bowing , extra prostration , adding surah after fatihah during thrid and forth rak’at - If a person is uncertain : then he/she considers whether he/she thinks added something or omitted something Note : Before performing sajda sahw you must say one salam ONLY to your right then perform sajdah sahw , after that you end the salah with normal taslim.
5 Comments
10/1/2020 12:15:09 am
Hi there,
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j
6/10/2021 08:16:00 pm
you made a mistake and used the wrong word in the first paragraph, youve written allah where you shouldnt have
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Sanaa
7/4/2023 08:26:57 am
Thank you for noticing the mistake!
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Rumaisa Usmaan
7/4/2023 12:44:44 am
Asalaam alaikum. In the 3rd sentence you said to please الله and naoodhubillah defeat him. I know that this is a genuine mistake. Thank you.
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Sanaa
7/4/2023 08:26:21 am
Thank you for seeing the mistake I'll correct it! Barak Allahu feek
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