Before learning how the Qu'ran was collected , it's important to know this Arabic term. The Arabic word Tasfeer is used to mean " explanation of the Qu'ran" . The science of Tasfeer is called Usool at tasfeer which refers to the fundamental rules and information necessary for the correct understanding of the Qu'ran. We will now look at how the Qu'ran was written and compiled into one book. A. ERA OF THE PROPHET (609-632) The Qu'ran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad in sections ( parts) thoughout the 23 years of his prophethood. Whenever Allah wanted to give the Prophet and his followers special advices , Allah would send angel Jibreel with a part of the Qu'ran which he would recite to the Prophet. Thus , the Qu'ran was not revealed all at once in its complete form , but in parts over a period of time. Preservation of the Qu'ran When Jibreel first recited a part of the Qu'ran to the Prophet , the Prophet tried to repeat after it after him , word for word. Then Allah later told Jibreel no to do so. He was instead told to listen to the Qu'ran carefully. When the Prophet did that , Allah caused him to be able to remember everything without any effort , plus He could not write or read. You may wonder , how it is possible for us to memorize after listenning once ? Yes it is hard for us , because we come from a Written Culture , which mean that we memorize only if we write , but at the time of Prophet , they were from a Oral Culture , they were extremely attentive and remembered everything once they heard it. Subhanallah! the reason for that is before , they didn't have any paper or book to write words down. Nowadays , like in Egypt , teachers of Al Madinah university ( Saudia Arabia) teach students without even reading their note . In fact they don't even have note , they are like an encyclopedia , because they were taught in the time of Oral Culture. The Prophet , of course , passed on all of the Qu'ran to his companions before he died. He used a number of different ways to make sure they would memorize and record it exactly as he learned it. 1. He used to recite aloud various part of the Qu'ran in the Salaahs ( Congregational Prayers)., In that way , his followers used to hear parts of the Qu'ran. 2. The Prophet informed his followers that the best of them were those who learned and taught the Qu'ran. Thus , this encouraged them to make even greater efforts to memorize Qu'ran and teach it to others 3. Those who were able to read and write were told by the Prophet to write down the various sections of the Qu'ran as they were revealed. He would also tell them the order in which they record the verses. ( At the time , the Companions wrote the verses of Qu'ran on date palm leaves , flat stones , tree bark , wood , dried animal skins and even the shoulder blades of sheep of camels. But only a few of them heard all of the Qu'ran directly from the Prophet) Still , when the Prophet died in the year 632 , the whole Qu'ran was not written down in one complete book. As seen earlier , it was recorded on various pieces of written material and kept in the possession of different followers of the Prophet ( peace be upon him).The verses of the Qu'ran continued to be revealed up until a few months before the Prophet's death and the companions were more concerned with memorizing and recording than putting it all together in one Book. Consequently , the gathering of the Qu'ran into one text was not done during the Prophet's lifetime. B. THE ERA OF ABU BAKR 632-634 After the death of the Prophet , 3 main groups born , opposed to Islaam in the Arabian peninsula. 1. The first group was made up of those who decided that they did not want to pay the Zakaah ( Islamic tax) , to anyone other than the Prophet. They didn't consider Zakaah was a pillar of Islam like , Salaah (prayer) , Sawm ( Fast) and so on. Instead , they considered Zakaah as a tribute. So , when the Prophet died , they felt that they were no longer concerned to pay it. When Abu Bakr became the leader of the Muslim state , this group refused to pay the Zakaah and sent armies to the capital ( Madeenah ) , in order to topple ( turn down) , the Muslim state. They then demanded to be excused from paying , Zakaah or they would attack and destroy the centers of Islaam ( blackmail ) 2. The second group was joined by those who had entered Islaam in for the only purpose to escape defeat. This group did not believe in Allah and His Messenger at all. They just wanted to be on the winning side. 3. This group was the false prophets and prophetesses. In the region of Yamaamah ( Najd) , an Arab from the tribe of Haneefah ( Abu Haneefah) named Mysaylima claimed to be a prophet. Another Arab woman called Sajaah from the Tameem tribe also claimed prophethood and rose in arms against the Muslim state. All of those false prophet invited people to leave Islaam by claiming that Allah had revealed to them new laws making allowable most of the things which were forbidden by Prophet Muhammad.First of all before saying how the qu'ran was collected we should explain the arabic term Tasfeer . Tasfeer is used to mean " explanation of the Qu'ran" , but the science of tasfeer is called " usool at-tasfeer" which refers to the fundamental rules and information necessary for the correct understanding of the Qu'ran. Let's see how the Holy Book was written and assembled into one book.
1 Comment
Mashael
1/9/2016 03:56:42 am
You are a good and awosom writer ever really i enjoied and learned about things that i didn't know about it before Mash'allah 💪🌹
Reply
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuteurAs salam aleykum dear visitors ! Archives
October 2016
Catégories |